Menninger observed a “substitution” of the designation “sin” by the designation “crime”.
From the approach of this blog, this “substitution” is better described as an emergence, according to a nested formula: crime(sin()).
This emergence most likely appeared before the turn of the 20th century, before the eclipse of the taboo against masturbation and the decline of use of the word “sin”.
As of 1973, no substitute for the word “sin” had entered the lexicon. The gap was filled with technical terms such as “deviancy” as well as pejorative accusations such as “racism” and “sexism” and “homophobia”.
As of 1993, the word “political incorrectness” became an umbrella term labeling these technical terms and pejoratives.
The nested formula: crime(political incorrectness()) partially answers Menninger’s title question.