{"id":7252,"date":"2024-02-27T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-27T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/?p=7252"},"modified":"2024-01-05T20:04:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-05T20:04:00","slug":"looking-at-michael-tomasellos-book-2014-a-natural-history-of-human-thinking-part-3-of-22","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/?p=7252","title":{"rendered":"Looking at Michael Tomasello&#8217;s Book (2014) &#8220;A Natural History of Human Thinking&#8221; (Part 3 of 22)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>0199 With the previous blog in mind, I may return to the magnificent sentence at the start of chapter one.&nbsp;&nbsp;I will compare it to&nbsp;<em>the virtual nested form in the realm of actuality<\/em>&nbsp;for Tomasello&#8217;s vision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0200 The first half of the sentence, &#8220;<em>Human thinking<\/em>&nbsp;is&nbsp;<em>individual improvisation<\/em>&#8230;&#8221;, corresponds to the normal context and the actuality of the following nested form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The second half of the sentence, &#8220;&#8230;enmeshed in&nbsp;<em>a sociocultural matrix<\/em>.&#8221;, corresponds to the actuality and the potential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide04.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide04.png 600w, https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide04-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>0201 Human thinking<sub>2c&#8217;<\/sub>&nbsp;is phenotypical.&nbsp;&nbsp;Each phenotypic expression (or individual) must improvise in response to events in nature and in human culture.&nbsp;&nbsp;Fortunately, for me, the topic of&nbsp;<em>how humans think<\/em>&nbsp;has been around a long time.&nbsp;&nbsp;Premodern medieval schoolmen use Aristotle to construct a formula that (ironically) may be diagrammed by a postmodern scholar, Razie Mah, using category-based nested forms.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The scholastic three-level interscope for the way humans think<\/em>&nbsp;contains&nbsp;<em>three sign-relations,<\/em>&nbsp;carrying the labels of specifying, exemplar and interventional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0202 Human culture<sub>2b&#8217;<\/sub>&nbsp;habituates all three types of sign.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0203 Chimpanzees embody specifying signs.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Specifying signs<\/em>&nbsp;present puzzles that require general intelligence.&nbsp;<em>Many chimpanzee interventional signs<\/em>&nbsp;are innate.&nbsp;&nbsp;For example, some gestures and vocalizations are involuntary signals.&nbsp;&nbsp;At the same time, many gestures are voluntary.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Requests<\/em>&nbsp;involve&nbsp;<em>voluntary gestures<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0204 Early hominins, such as some australopithecines and early&nbsp;<em>Homo<\/em>, use voluntary gestures to request, inform and share.&nbsp;&nbsp;This promotes&nbsp;<em>the exemplar sign<\/em>&nbsp;as an adaptation.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The sign-object of an exemplar sign<\/em>&nbsp;does not yield&nbsp;<em>an involuntary sign-vehicle for the interventional sign<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Rather, following Tomasello,&nbsp;<em>a perspective-level judgment<sub>2c<\/sub>,<\/em>occurring in&nbsp;<em>the normal context of a common ground<sub>3c<\/sub><\/em>&nbsp;and emerging from&nbsp;<em>the potential of shared intentionality<sub>1c<\/sub>,<\/em>initiates&nbsp;<em>a voluntary, gesture-based interventional sign<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also, I can say, &#8220;Following medieval scholastics, a perspective-level judgment<sub>2c<\/sub>, occurring in the normal context asking, &#8216;Does this make sense?&#8217;<sub>3c<\/sub>&nbsp;and operating upon the potential of &#8216;putting the situation into perspective&#8217;<sub>1c<\/sub>, initiates a&nbsp;<em>species impressa<sub>2a<\/sub><\/em>.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0205 Human culture<sub>2b&#8217;<\/sub>&nbsp;enhances&nbsp;<em>the reproductive success of joint attention<sub>2a&#8217;<\/sub>&nbsp;<\/em>and grounds&nbsp;<em>the ontogenetic development of individual thought<sub>2c&#8217;<\/sub><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>0206 What solidifies hominin culture<sub>2b&#8217;<\/sub>&nbsp;as a situation-level actuality?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Is it&nbsp;<em>the substance of Tomasello&#8217;s research hylomorphe?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide05.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide05.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide05.png 600w, https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide05-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>0207 Or is it&nbsp;<em>a manifestation of an adjusted scholastic interscope for the way humans think?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide06.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide06.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide06.png 600w, https:\/\/www.raziemah.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Slide06-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Or both?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>0199 With the previous blog in mind, I may return to the magnificent sentence at the start of chapter one.&nbsp;&nbsp;I will compare it to&nbsp;the virtual nested form in the realm of actuality&nbsp;for Tomasello&#8217;s vision. 0200 The first half of the sentence, &#8220;Human thinking&nbsp;is&nbsp;individual improvisation&#8230;&#8221;, corresponds to the normal context and the actuality of the following [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[417],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-book-review"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Looking at Michael Tomasello&#039;s Book (2014) &quot;A Natural History of Human Thinking&quot; (Part 3 of 22) - An Archaeology of the Fall<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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